Nexus Standards · NS-3 · Proposed
NS-3
NS-3: Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)
NS-3 is a proposed Nexus Standard; the artifacts it governs are identified by UNIs (Unique Nexus Identifier). NS-1 gives artifacts (software, reports, datasets, figures) a UNI allocated by a catalog. NS-3 gives risk records (observation facts, source releases, indicator and measure definitions, boundary versions, chronotope versions, corrections, analytical products and subjects) a UNI allocated by a record allocation authority, on the same grammar, so that a record can be cited, resolved and crosswalked like any other artifact. A UNI identifies and resolves a record; it never certifies the record's truth (NS0-P8).
Read a UNI.
Type or paste a Uniform Nexus Identifier: each segment is decoded against grammar 0.2 and the region, when it names a country, is lit on the globe above.
Summary
- Statusproposed
- Responsible scopetrust, authorization and assurance; canonical risk data, records and provenance
- Identifier
NXS-STD-ST-000003 - Rules stated0
- Programme areas47
- Source filesrepository
Nexus Standards · proposed
Status of NS-3
Preparatory working draft, circulated for review and comment. Not for implementation. Prepared and circulated by The Secretariat of the Nexus Standards, Global Centre for Risk and Innovation (GCRI Canada) (public@therisk.global), 17 October 2026. Technical review area: TR-02. This document is not a Nexus Standard; it may change without notice and is not to be implemented, relied upon or cited as a Nexus Standard. Its stage is designated only by the Global Standards Council and its technical committees under NS-13. Recipients are invited to submit comments with supporting reasons, and to notify any patent rights of which they are aware. See the notice of circulation.
Hazards and exposure in South Asia
The map frames South Asia as an example geography for the subject of NS-3; the frame gives context and is not a statement of where the standards apply. Shown at first: flood water, 3-day composite (VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE); active fires and thermal anomalies, last day (VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m, FIRMS, NASA LANCE FIRMS); and population density, 2020 (Gridded Population of the World v4.11, NASA SEDAC, CIESIN, Columbia University). The layer drawer adds land surface temperature, day, 8-day composite (VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day); night-time lights, daily (VIIRS Black Marble, VNP46A2); and aerosol optical depth, daily (VIIRS NOAA-20 Deep Blue AOD). NASA products are served through NASA GIBS under NASA's open data policy, with acknowledgement; population density is GPW v4.11 by CIESIN, Columbia University, under CC BY 4.0; coastlines, boundaries and place names come from NASA GIBS reference layers (© OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL) and Natural Earth (public domain). Each layer shows its own observation date; full credits are given under the map.
The interactive map needs JavaScript; the layer list and sources are below.
Layers 3
Hazards and exposure
Keyboard, with the map focused
Hold Ctrl or ⌘ and scroll to zoom
Latest available
NASA GIBS / EOSDIS · ASTER GDEM (METI, NASA) · Blue Marble (NASA) · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL) · Natural Earth
Loading the latest NASA imagery.
Drag to move. Ctrl or ⌘ and scroll, pinch or the buttons to zoom; hover for the values under the pointer; reset returns to the region.
Flood water, active fires and surface heat beside population and night-time lights, framed on South Asia.Satellite and model products as NASA publishes them, each with its own date; indicators, not assessments of any place.
Data: NASA GIBS · ASTER GDEM · Blue Marble · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Natural Earth · NASA EONET · U.S. Geological SurveySources and licences
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- VIIRS near-real-time products (flood, land surface temperature, snow cover, corrected reflectance), NASA LANCE; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS), VIIRS 375 m active fire product, NASA LANCE; vector tiles via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University. 2018. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Density, Revision 11. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). doi:10.7927/H49C6VHW. CC BY 4.0
- VIIRS Black Marble night-time lights, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; distributed by the NASA Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System (LAADS DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- MODIS and VIIRS atmosphere products, NASA LANCE and LAADS DAAC; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- ASTER GDEM is a product of METI and NASA (ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003, NASA LP DAAC); imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). Cite as: NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Spacesystems and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team (2019). ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model V003. doi:10.5067/ASTER/ASTGTM.003. NASA open data
- Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. Public domain
- © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), via NASA GIBS (coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names). Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). ODbL
- Blue Marble, NASA Earth Observatory; imagery via NASA GIBS. Colours redrawn from the published colour map; values averaged into H3 cells where shown (modified). NASA open data
- Context on the globe and flat map: coastlines, boundaries, roads and place names from NASA GIBS reference layers (OpenStreetMap data, ODbL, © OpenStreetMap contributors); Blue Marble imagery as an optional base; 3D terrain and the elevation read-out from the ASTER GDEM elevation colour index (5 m to 200 m classes, exaggerated for legibility). Boundaries are drawn as published and imply no position on any territory.
- Globe: MapLibre GL JS 6.9.1, BSD-3-Clause, © MapLibre contributors.
- Live: NASA EONET Events are indicative, not authority warnings.
- Live: U.S. Geological Survey Events are indicative, not authority warnings.
- NASA GIBS: We acknowledge the use of imagery provided by services from NASA's Global Imagery Browse Services (GIBS), part of NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS).
- Optional layers (8 sources in the layer list: live, forecast, observed and context) print their provider credit on the map and here when switched on; forecasts are model output and derived indices are estimates.
Layers and dates
- Flood water, 3-day composite: VIIRS Global Flood Product, NASA LANCE · 14 Oct 2026
- Active fires and thermal anomalies, last day: VIIRS NOAA-20 375 m (FIRMS), NASA LANCE FIRMS · 13 Oct 2026
- Population density, 2020: Population: CIESIN, Columbia University, Gridded Population of the World v4.11 (2018), NASA SEDAC, CC BY 4.0 · static
- Land surface temperature, day, 8-day composite: VIIRS NOAA-20 Level 3, 8-day, NASA LANCE · 14 Sep 2026
- Night-time lights, daily: VIIRS Black Marble (VNP46A2), NASA LAADS DAAC · 12 Oct 2026
- Aerosol optical depth, daily: VIIRS NOAA-20 Deep Blue AOD, NASA LANCE · 13 Oct 2026
NS-3 among the standards.
Fig.The standards on which NS-3 builds, those that cite it and the programme areas where it applies, from the texts and the registry.
The standard as a process
An ingest writes a record; its kind and region are selected; the record identifier service allocates the serial inside a scoped transaction or refuses with a typed reason; legacy identifiers are crosswalked; versions and corrections are integers on the same UNI (Unique Nexus Identifier), and products cite records as recordUni@recordVersion. 8 operations in 5 phases; each states its actor, its decision rule, the record it leaves and the rule identifiers it implements (6 rules of NS-3 and the standards it applies).
All operations in order (8)
- 01
Record written start · Ingest
Each record kind has a two-letter code that never coincides with an artifact category: OB, SR, IN, ME, BD, CT, CR, AP and SU.
- Who
- the ingest path of the governed data service
- Decision rule
- a new record is identified at write time (section 4)
- Record
- an observation, source release, indicator, boundary, chronotope, correction, product or subject record
- 02
Kind and region decision · Allocation
The record concept takes the kind and, where the record is about one place, the region; versions are added as @<integer>.
- Who
- the ingest path
- Decision rule
- the grammar NXS-GRX-<KIND>[-<REGION>]-<SERIAL> (section 1)
- Record
- kind code and region (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 or UN M49)
- 03
Store available gate · Allocation
When the authoritative store cannot be reached the ingest receives a typed state and the record carries it; no serial is invented.
- Who
- the record identifier service
- Decision rule
- offline is a typed refusal; there is no memory fallback (section 3)
- Record
- an allocation, or a typed unavailable state
- Implements
- NS0-P12
- 04
Allocate serial step · Allocation
An atomic counter per scope, kind and region issues the serial; every allocation is recorded and isolated by account.
- Who
- the record identifier service, inside a scoped transaction
- Decision rule
- serials are never derived or typed by hand
- Record
- one append-only allocation row per serial
- Implements
- NS1-R2
- 05
Crosswalk legacy id step · Crosswalk
Existing record ids keep working in references and are crosswalked to the new UNI when one is allocated, so correction dependencies keep resolving.
- Who
- the record identifier service
- Decision rule
- legacy ids stay valid and are never allocated again (section 2)
- Record
- the legacy id kept beside the new UNI
- Implements
- NS1-R3
- 06
Record version record · Versioning
Each state of a record is cited as its UNI and integer version; a reference with a semantic version is not a record reference.
- Who
- the governed data service
- Decision rule
- a record carries an integer version; an artifact a semantic one
- Record
- recordUni@recordVersion, an integer version
- Implements
- NS1-R1
- 07
Correction step · Versioning
A correction never overwrites: it records what changed and why, and every product that depends on the record can be replayed.
- Who
- the source or the data steward
- Decision rule
- corrections add a version and keep the earlier ones
- Record
- a correction record (CR) and a new version
- Implements
- NS1-R3
- 08
Cited by products end · Use
A product lists its record references as dependencies, so a correction reaches every product that used the record.
- Who
- products, figures and reports
- Decision rule
- derived works cite the records they use (NS-2)
- Record
- record references that a correction replay walks
- Implements
- NS2-R1, NS2-R4
Fig.Phases read left to right; each card names the operation, its actor and the record it leaves, and each edge label names the hand-over. Play, step or scrub; the detail panel gives the full text of the selected operation. Sources: NS-3: Risk record UNIs · NS-0: Constitution and principles · NS-1: The UNI and the artifact catalog · NS-2: Citation and attribution format for UNIs.
NS-3 clause by clause
3 clauses and 0 rules as stated in the standard, presented with numbered clauses, stable rule anchors, versions and changes.
Grammar
NXS-GRX-<KIND>[-<REGION>]-<SERIAL> the record concept (recordUni) NXS-GRX-<KIND>[-<REGION>]-<SERIAL>@<version> one record version (recordUni@recordVersion) NXS-GRX-OB-KEN-000042@3 observation fact 42 for Kenya, version 3 NXS-GRX-SR-000001 source release 1 (global)GRX is the scope code of the functional class for canonical risk data, records and provenance. The version segment of a record is the integer recordVersion. The NS-1 grammar therefore accepts @3 as well as @1.2.0: an artifact carries a semantic version and a record an integer. A ref with a semantic version is not a record ref.
| Kind | Code | Kind | Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Observation fact | OB | Chronotope version | CT |
| Source release | SR | Correction record | CR |
| Indicator definition | IN | Analytical product record | AP |
| Measure definition | ME | Subject (place, asset, organisation) | SU |
| Boundary version | BD |
Record kinds and artifact categories never share a code (registry/nexus-standards.yaml#recordCategories; node tools/nexus-id.mjs catalog validate enforces this).
Legacy identifiers remain valid
Implementations may already hold records under other identifiers, for example obs:<source>:<key>, uni:source:<source-id>, uni:indicator:<code> or dotted ids such as data.eo.stac.catalogue. Such identifiers parse as LEGACY, continue to work in <ref>@<version> refs, and are crosswalked to an NS-1 UNI when one is allocated. Nothing is renamed in place: a record carries either an NS-1 recordUni (new records) or a legacy recordUni together with the allocated uni (optional during the transition).
Allocation
Serials are never derived or typed by hand (NS1-R2). An implementation that holds risk records allocates their UNIs under these requirements:
- The serial shall come from an atomic counter per
(GRX, kind, region), advanced only inside a transaction scoped to a verified tenant. - Every allocation shall be one append-only record: tenant, workspace, account, UNI, kind, region, serial, legacy id and the verified principal.
- The legacy id shall be the idempotency key within an account: allocating the same legacy id twice returns the same UNI and reports that it was reused.
- UNIs shall not be reused or reassigned. Update, deletion and truncation of allocation records shall be refused, and the UNI string shall always equal its segment values.
- Counters hold no tenant data and may be shared; the crosswalk from legacy id to UNI is private to the account.
- The account and principal shall come only from verified claims, never from a header, body or query parameter.
- When the allocation authority is unavailable, allocation shall fail with a typed unavailable state; there is no in-memory fallback.
Example: allocating kind OB, region KEN, legacy id obs:wdi:KEN.SP.POP.TOTL.2020 yields NXS-GRX-OB-KEN-000042; version 3 of that record is cited as NXS-GRX-OB-KEN-000042@3.
Changes between versions
One published version is available (0.1.0); a comparison between versions is shown once a second version is published.
Clause numbers follow the sections of the document; rule identifiers () are stable anchors. With script enabled, each clause and rule has a permalink and a machine-readable view (YAML and JSON), and the j and k keys move between clauses.
Programme areas that list NS-3
47 programme areas list NS-3.
- Water risk standardsTierNexus domainsStatusplanned
- Energy risk standardsTierNexus domainsStatusplanned
- Food and agriculture risk standardsTierNexus domainsStatusplanned
- Health risk standardsTierNexus domainsStatusplanned
- Biodiversity and nature risk standardsTierNexus domainsStatusplanned
- Climate risk standardsTierNexus domainsStatusplanned
- Atmosphere and weather hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Water systems hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Ice and snow hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Solid Earth hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Space and near-Earth hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Land and ecosystem hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Pollution and hazardous substance standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Health and biosecurity hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Built systems hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Society, conflict and economy hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Systemic and compound hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Planetary and Earth-system hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Frontier and exponential technology hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Agriculture and land useTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Water utilities and basinsTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Energy utilities and gridsTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Health systemsTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Transport, logistics and supply chainsTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Cities and the built environmentTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Humanitarian and civil societyTierSectors and industriesStatusplanned
- Identification (the UNI)TierCross-cutting capabilitiesStatuswired
- Data and datasetsTierCross-cutting capabilitiesStatusplanned
- GCRI Canada evidence pathwayTierReadiness pathwaysStatusplanned
- Geophysical hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Hydrometeorological hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Oceans and coasts risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Land and soil risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Environmental degradation hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Biological hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Technological and industrial hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Chemical hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Financial and economic risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Political and governance risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Conflict and security risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Societal and information risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Space weather, spectrum and timing risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Extraterrestrial hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Compound and cascading hazard standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Frontier technology risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- AI and autonomous systems risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
- Global catastrophic and existential risk standardsTierHazard and threat familiesStatusplanned
System model and cascade scenario: NS-3 Risk record UNIs
A system model of the context of NS-3 built from the registry: 26 hazards, 25 systems, 10 sectors, 13 controls, 18 feeds, 17 indicators. The systems are 35 of the 87 areas that list NS-3 (cascading and systemic risk, finance and insurance, health, water, food and energy, infrastructure, hazards); the model shows where the records, data and controls that NS-3 governs sit in a cascade, and is not a reading of the standard's text. Select the components to include, choose an initiating hazard and run the scenario. Stress propagates through the hazard relations of the Nexus Hazard Standard (NHS-1), the exposure of each system, the recorded couplings and the sectors that carry the loss; adopted standards dampen transmission and live data sources support detection. All parameters are stated assumptions that the reader can adjust; results are illustrative scenario outputs for exercises and training, not forecasts or risk assessments. The Map view places the same run on an example geography, The Philippines, a region suited to the hazards named, with open data: Natural Earth boundaries, an H3 hexagon grid and NASA satellite layers for the initiating hazard. The geography serves exercises and training and is not an assessment of that place.
Hazards
- HIV epidemic
- Tropical cyclone
- Earthquake
- Ice-jam flood
- Toxic gas release
- Persistent organic pollutants
- Natech event
- Dam failure
- Storm surge (set off downstream)
- Intense rainfall (set off downstream)
- River flood (set off downstream)
- Flash flood (set off downstream)
- Dangerous surf (set off downstream)
- Widespread power outage (set off downstream)
- Mass displacement (set off downstream)
- Coastal flood (set off downstream)
- Aftershock sequence (set off downstream)
- Fault surface rupture (set off downstream)
- Soil liquefaction (set off downstream)
- Slope slide (set off downstream)
- Rockfall (set off downstream)
- Tsunami (set off downstream)
- Building collapse (set off downstream)
- Water supply failure (set off downstream)
- Disaster and conflict debris (set off downstream)
- Food and feed contamination (set off downstream)
Systems and couplings
- Biological hazard standards
- Disaster and climate risk finance
- Chemical hazard standards
- Compound and cascading hazard standards
- Agriculture and land use
- Cities and the built environment
- Health risk standards Cascade
- Food and agriculture risk standards Cascade
- Biodiversity and nature risk standards Common driver
- Health security and One Health Mechanism
- Early warning and anticipatory action Mechanism
- Disaster risk reduction Feedback
- Financial stability and prudential risk Cascade
- Hydrometeorological hazard standards Mechanism
- Technological and industrial hazard standards Shared events
- Environmental degradation hazard standards Cascade
- Geophysical hazard standards Cascade (Natech)
- Critical infrastructure and critical entities Cascade
- Global and systemic risk Mechanism
- Water utilities and basins Coupling
- Finance, insurance and capital markets Coupling
- Humanitarian and civil society Coupling
- Construction and real estate Coupling
- Public sector and government Coupling
- Energy utilities and grids Coupling
Controls
NS-0Constitution and principlesNS-3Risk record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)NS-11Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)NS-9Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)NS-10Policies and clauses (machine-readable obligations: definition, binding, evaluation and enforcement)NS-14Conformance and crosswalk to external standardsNS-5Figure, map and visualization standard (with the UI/UX kit)NRS-H61Hazard family: Cascading failure (NHS-1 sys.cascade)NRS-H60Hazard family: Supply-chain and flow disruption (NHS-1 sys.supply-chain)NRS-H62Hazard family: Compound and multi-hazard events (NHS-1 sys.compound)NRS-H41Hazard family: Animal-to-human spillover (NHS-1 health.zoonotic)NRS-H65Hazard family: Planetary boundary transgressions (NHS-1 planet.boundary)NRS-H43Hazard family: Livestock and aquaculture epizootics (NHS-1 health.animal-health)
Observation
- WHO Disease Outbreak News (listed for reference)
- WAHIS animal health events (listed for reference)
- GBIF occurrence API and downloads (listed for reference)
- ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Data Store) (listed for reference)
- CHIRPS quasi-global gridded precipitation (listed for reference)
- USGS earthquake GeoJSON summary feeds (listed for reference)
- PubChem compound, hazard and GHS classification records (listed for reference)
- eMARS Major Accident Reporting System (listed for reference)
- Copernicus EMS rapid mapping activations (listed for reference)
- OpenStreetMap planet and replication (listed for reference)
- FAOSTAT (listed for reference)
- FEWS NET food security outlooks and data (listed for reference)
- IPC food insecurity classifications (listed for reference)
- World Development Indicators (listed for reference)
- Global Human Settlement Layer (listed for reference)
- WorldPop gridded population (listed for reference)
- Overture Maps buildings theme (listed for reference)
- OpenStreetMap (listed for reference)
- International Health Regulations capacity and health emergency preparedness
- Proportion of countries adopting relevant national legislation and adequately resourcing the prevention or control of invasive alien species
- Total official international support for national DRR actions
- Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global GDP
- Number of parties to international multilateral environmental agreements on hazardous waste and other chemicals
- Hazardous waste generated per capita and proportion treated
- Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning
- Number of disruptions to basic services attributed to disasters
- Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture
- Indicator of food price anomalies
- Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population, based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale
- Direct agricultural loss attributed to disasters
- Agricultural land (% of land area)
- Direct economic loss in relation to global GDP, damage to critical infrastructure and number of disruptions to basic services, attributed to disasters
- Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national strategies
- Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements or inadequate housing
- Percentage of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national strategies
Example geography
- The Philippines: 184 H3 hexagons at resolution 4
- Night lights tonight, outages (VIIRS Day/Night Band), NASA GIBS
- Rain rate, last half hour (IMERG), NASA GIBS
- Surface water through cloud, 30 m (OPERA DSWx-S1 radar), NASA GIBS
- Surface soil moisture (SMAP), NASA GIBS
Recent research on NS-3
Recent peer-reviewed articles, preprints, datasets and reports on the subject of this standard, retrieved at the time of reading from open scholarly metadata services (OpenAlex, Crossref, DataCite, Zenodo, arXiv, Europe PMC, OpenAIRE Graph) with search terms composed from the registry. Each work is listed with its authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence, and links to its DOI or landing page. Sources not yet enabled for live display on this site are listed for reference and are not queried.
Search termsdisaster loss data; disaster loss database; hazard event identifier; disaster event database; loss and damage data; DataCite Metadata Schema; ORCID iDcombined with: disaster; hazard; riskDerived from the subject of the standard and its rules, and the external standards of its crosswalk domains.
- OpenAlexlisted for reference; not queried
- Crossreflisted for reference; not queried
- DataCitelisted for reference; not queried
- Zenodolisted for reference; not queried
- arXivlisted for reference; not queried
- Europe PMClisted for reference; not queried
- OpenAIRE Graphlisted for reference; not queried
No source is enabled for live display on this site yet: the sources are listed for reference and none is queried. Once the publisher of record enables a source after its terms are reviewed, recent works are listed here. Metadata and links only: title, authors, venue, year, type, open-access status and licence as each source records them; works are listed for orientation, not reviewed or endorsed.
NS-3 in the standards repository
The text, schemas, machine-readable files, registry rows, tests and history behind NS-3, on the main branch of the canonical repository. Text, registry, schemas and catalog are CC BY 4.0; tools and tests are Apache-2.0.
Source text
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
standards/NS-3-grix-record-uni.md | NXS-STD-ST-000003 | Raw · History · Suggest an edit |
standards/INDEX.md | status and document of every standard | History |
Schemas
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
schemas/nexus-clause.v1.json | Nexus clause (NS-10) | Raw |
schemas/nexus-subject-passport.v1.json | Nexus subject passport envelope (NS-15) | Raw |
Machine-readable files
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
machine/catalogue.jsonld | JSON-LD · 1 mention | Raw · First mention, line 890 |
machine/catalogue.oscal.json | OSCAL JSON · 1 mention | Raw · First mention, line 1131 |
machine/catalogue.ttl | Turtle (RDF) · 1 mention | Raw · First mention, line 1734 |
catalog/artifact-catalog.yaml | catalog records · 2 mentions | First mention, line 151 |
Registry rows
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
registry/ecosystem-coverage.yaml | Nexus ecosystem coverage register (programme B corpus read) · 63 rows or mentions | Line 145 |
registry/subsites.yaml | Nexus Standards subsites - the systemic architecture of nexustandards.com · 29 rows or mentions | Line 37 |
registry/standard-packages.yaml | Standard packages - one package per external open standard on nexustandards.com · 9 rows or mentions | Line 52 |
registry/nexus-standards.yaml | Nexus Standards NS-1 - the UNI (Unique Nexus Identifier) and artifact catalog · 4 rows or mentions | Line 73 |
registry/dags.yaml | Process and pipeline graphs rendered by the site's DAG component (nxs-dag) · 3 rows or mentions | Line 244 |
registry/open-standards-stack.yaml | Open-standards and open-source stack under the UNI · 2 rows or mentions | Line 105 |
registry/review-investigations.yaml | Circulation for technical review and comment, and the technical review areas · 1 row or mentions | Line 58 |
registry/risk-standards.source.yaml | 'Nexus Risk Standards: the systemic catalogue' · 1 row or mentions | Line 425 |
registry/risk-standards.yaml | 'Nexus Risk Standards: the systemic catalogue' · 1 row or mentions | Line 927 |
Tests and validators
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
test/nexus-id.test.mjs | test · 1 mention | Line 31 |
tools/build-risk-standards.mjs | tool or validator | Line 97 |
tools/build-site-pages.mjs | tool or validator | Line 213 |
tools/site-open-standards.mjs | tool or validator | Line 317 |
tools/validate.mjs | tool or validator | Line 150 |
Change history
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Commits to the text | every change to the text | · |
CHANGELOG.md | notable changes, by version | · |
release/manifest.json | release manifest with file digests | in-toto statement |
| Releases | tagged releases of the repository | · |
Propose a change
| File | What it holds | Links |
|---|---|---|
| Open a proposal on NS-3 | issue form: target, kind, rationale (NS-13) | Template |
| Issue form: comment | issue form | Template |
| Issue form: errata | issue form | Template |
| Issues that mention NS-3 | open and closed | · |
| Pull request template | what a change must carry: target, kind, rationale, validation | · |
CONTRIBUTING.md | pull requests, sign-off and checks | · |
GOVERNANCE.md | how registry codes and texts change | · |
How NS-3 is developed, and how to take part
NS-3 is developed in the open under NS-13 (the stages and gates of NS-13). Working groups draft, councils decide the reserved matters, and anyone may propose a change, comment, submit an implementation report, object or appeal, without membership or fee.
- Who decides what: the decision-rights matrix.
- The process: stages, gates, review windows and appeals.
- Open gateways and calls: how to propose, comment, join a working group or request activation.
- Develop a standard: the development track and the lifecycle of each standard.
- NS-13 in the canonical repository.
Relation to external standards
NS-3 relates to external standards by identifier, clause number and URL (NS14-R1), and directs the reader to the issuing body.
Recent research and sources
Peer-reviewed articles, preprints, reports and datasets on the subject of this standard, retrieved at the time of reading from open scholarly metadata services (OpenAlex and Crossref) and listed with authors, venue, year, type and access status, with a link to each work. Curated references and related standards are listed first; recent works matched by subject follow and are listed for orientation.
Curated references
- RFC 8141: Uniform Resource Names (URNs)
IETF / RFC Editor · 2017 · Standard - FAIR Data Maturity Model: specification and guidelines
Research Data Alliance · 2020 · Official publication - The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship
Scientific Data · 2016 · Peer-reviewed - DataCite Metadata Schema 4.5
DataCite · 2024 · Standard - Identifiers for the 21st century: How to design, provision, and reuse persistent identifiers to maximize utility and impact of life science data
PLOS Biology · 2017 · Peer-reviewed - 20 Years of Persistent Identifiers - Which Systems are Here to Stay?
Data Science Journal · 2017 · Peer-reviewed - Unique, Persistent, Resolvable: Identifiers as the Foundation of FAIR
Data Intelligence · 2020 · Peer-reviewed - Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0
W3C · 2022 · Standard
Related standards and frameworks
- SoftWare Hash IDentifier (SWHID) Specification V1.2; ISO/IEC 18670:2025
Software Heritage; ISO/IEC JTC 1 - UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profiles (HIPs)
UNDRR and International Science Council - DataCite Metadata Schema 4.5
DataCite Metadata Working Group - UN M49 Standard country or area codes for statistical use
United Nations Statistics Division - W3C Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0
W3C DID Working Group - Research Organization Registry (ROR)
ROR (California Digital Library, Crossref, DataCite) - WMO Cataloguing of Hazardous Events (WMO-CHE)
WMO (adopted by Congress 2019) - Sendai Framework Monitor (38 indicators)
UNDRR
Search terms, derived from the subject of the standard and its rules: disaster loss data; disaster loss database; hazard event identifier; disaster event database; loss and damage data; combined with: disaster; hazard; risk. With JavaScript enabled, recent works matching these terms are listed from OpenAlex and Crossref.
Risk Academy courses and disciplines
1 course and 2 disciplines of Risk Academy (risksacademy.com) that teach the knowledge and methods of NS-3. Each course lists its level, stream and learning hours.
Courses
Disciplines
The correspondence between courses, disciplines and the Nexus Standards is maintained with Risk Academy and is subject to its academic review.
Programmes, tracks and courses for this standard
GCRI Canada and Risk Academy work on the subject of NS-3 in distinct roles (research and evidence; education and training). Each entry states why it corresponds and the step it offers; each institution sets its own terms of participation.
Research and evidence
GCRI Canada
Research programmes that produce the observations, models and assessments these records describe.
Data and ComputeEngineers public-interest data infrastructure.Apply to this programme therisk.globalAll programmes of GCRI CanadaEducation and training
Risk Academy
Courses and disciplines that teach the knowledge and methods practitioners need to apply these standards.
Technology and DataRAT-204 · Intermediate · 19 learning hoursManaging risk data, AI, digital infrastructure and technology risk responsiblyTake this course All courses and disciplinesListed in the education and training section of this pageQuestions and answers.
What is the status of NS-3?
What does applying NS-3 establish?
How is a change to NS-3 proposed?
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The same subject across the Consortium.
- GCRI Canadatherisk.globalRegistry interoperabilityMethods, data and models
- GRAglobalriskalliance.comData engineering, interoperability and stewardship for financial crime and fraud riskExposure, loss and capital
- Risk Academyrisksacademy.comRisk information standards and interoperabilityWhere it is taught
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