Nexus StandardsHazards and Disaster Risk ReductionHazard and threat families
Area · registry row planned

Geophysical hazard standards

Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and mass movements are low-frequency, high-consequence hazards whose losses are driven by exposure growth and building vulnerability, and whose rapid-onset impacts leave minutes to hours for warning. This section of the Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction subsite defines event, source-release and alert records aligned to the UNDRR-ISC hazard profiles so that seismic networks, tsunami centres and responders exchange events with version history, magnitude revisions and stated uncertainty. Every artifact of the area carries a UNI (Unique Nexus Identifier), which identifies and never certifies.

UNI
requested · not yet allocated
Status
PROPOSEDregistry row · planned · scope EWS
Last reviewed
area context bank
Cite this page

Nexus Standards (2026). Geophysical hazard standards: area brief, Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction (PROPOSED). https://nexustandards.com/hazards/geophysical-hazard-standards/. Last reviewed 2026-10-17.

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Files carry the credits and the licence line; they are generated in your browser and nothing is sent. Downloads need script.

01Scope

Geophysical hazard standards: what the area covers, and what it leaves to others.

The hazard and threat families section of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction. Scope as the area context entry states it (PROPOSED).

In scope 5

  • Earthquake, tsunami, volcanic and landslide event records with source releases and revisions
  • Ground-motion and shaking-intensity products
  • Tsunami and volcanic alert records on CAP
  • Rapid impact estimates with method and uncertainty
  • Hazard model records (probabilistic seismic hazard) with version

Out of scope 3

  • Seismic building codes
  • Earthquake prediction claims (not supported by evidence)
  • Mineral exploration geophysics

Jurisdictions No jurisdiction note is recorded for this area yet; jurisdiction narrows what applies and never implies that a Nexus profile satisfies a law.

02Hazards and sectors

What acts on this area, and who carries it.

Hazards and threats 5

Earthquake ground shakingTsunamiVolcanic eruption, ash fall and laharsLandslides and rockfallGround subsidence

Sectors 4

Cities and the built environmentEnergy utilities and gridsTransport, logistics and supply chainsFinance, insurance and capital markets
03Systemic couplings

4 couplings to other areas and subsites.

Each coupling names the mechanism that links this area to another; select a card on the canvas to trace it. Mechanisms are stated in the context bank (PROPOSED).

Canvas · the area and its couplingsDesign, not a record
Geophysical hazard standards: systemic couplingsThe couplings the area context bank records for Geophysical hazard standards: 1 area in Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, 3 areas in other subsites and 2 subsites reached. Each coupling carries a mechanism stated in the context bank (PROPOSED); a reading aid, not a dependency proof.

Fig.RUNNING marks the area you are reading; DONE an area in the same subsite, QUEUED an area elsewhere and GATE a subsite reached. Tags give reading order only, never a status. Design, not a record.

  1. Technological and industrial hazard standardsEnergy and Critical InfrastructureCascade (Natech): earthquakes and tsunamis trigger industrial accidents, fires and hazardous releases.
  2. Critical infrastructure and critical entitiesEnergy and Critical InfrastructureCascade: ground shaking damages lifelines, cutting power, water, transport and telecoms simultaneously.
  3. Compound and cascading hazard standardsHazards and Disaster Risk ReductionTriggering: earthquakes trigger landslides and tsunamis; eruptions trigger lahars and ash fall.
  4. Atmosphere and air quality risk standardsClimate and Earth SystemsCascade: volcanic ash closes airspace and degrades air quality across regions.
04Data and feeds

5 sources, with provider, licence and delivery path.

Sources the area reads or proposes. Delivery follows GRIx first; a source is shown live only after an owner decision admits it for public pages.

Every feed · pending admission

No legal register row admits any of these sources for live display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from them here. A register row that exists records the source for the governed GRIx path; admission for public pages is a separate owner decision.

Admitted
0
none yet
Register row exists
2
recorded for the GRIx path
Proposed row
3
terms to be recorded
Delivery
2 GRIx · 0 plugin · 0 browser · 3 snapshot
GRIx first, then plugin, browser-direct, snapshot
05Open standards

5 open standards, each with its relation.

Relations are register entries (NS-14), never conformance or equivalence statements; hover or focus a relation for its meaning. Names of standards bodies and their standards belong to their stewards and are used only to identify the documents; no text of an external standard is reproduced here.

06Restricted compatibility profiles

No closed standard is named for this area.

Closed or paywalled standards appear by name and link only; any compatibility profile of one is built on simulated data and kept on protected pages until an institutional arrangement with the issuing body is recorded. Nexus Standards is not affiliated with, endorsed by or certified by any standards body named here.

The working group may name closed standards later; they would be listed here by name and link only.

08Nexus Standards that apply

4 Nexus Standards for this area.

The Nexus Standards the area context entry lists; the registry row lists NS-0, NS-3, NS-3b, NS-11. Every one is proposed or specified; none is adopted by an authority.

  1. 01

    NS-0 · Constitution and principles

    Status proposed · 12 rules stated. Read NS-0 · The rules for this area

  2. 02

    NS-3 · GRIx record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)

    Status proposed · 0 rules stated. Read NS-3 · The rules for this area

  3. 03

    NS-3b · Dataset and product metadata profile (STAC, DCAT, PROV-O)

    Status proposed · 0 rules stated. Read NS-3b · The rules for this area

  4. 04

    NS-11 · Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)

    Status proposed · 6 rules stated. Read NS-11 · The rules for this area

10Readiness

What each pathway can read from this area.

GCRI Canada evidence pathway

GCRI Canada

GCRI Canada may admit event records that keep every magnitude and location revision with source release as research evidence; GCRI Canada decides under its own evidence and research rules, and no approval is implied.

Open the GCRI Canada evidence pathway

Recognition pathway

The Global Risks Forum (GRF)

GRF may record seismic and tsunami services that publish on the shared alert profile as part of a warning dialogue; GRF decides under its own recognition rules, and no recognition or endorsement is implied.

Open the Recognition pathway

Capital pathway

The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)

GRA may read hazard-model and exposure records when it reviews seismic risk in project pipelines; GRA decides under its own capital-readiness rules, and no approval, rating or investment view is implied.

Open the Capital pathway

Each institution decides under its own rules what it reads as evidence; no pathway is an approval, a readiness statement or investment advice.

11Working group

The working-group charter, proposed.

Scope

Event, source-release and alert records for geophysical hazards, profiled on HIPs and CAP.

No working group is chartered yet; a community may charter this one under NS-13 through a docket.

Deliverables · 3
  1. Geophysical event record with revision lineage
  2. Tsunami and volcanic alert CAP profile
  3. Hazard-model run record for probabilistic hazard
Liaison targets · 4
  • International Seismological Centre liaison sought
  • IOC-UNESCO Intergovernmental Coordination Groups for tsunami warning liaison sought
  • World Organization of Volcano Observatories liaison sought
  • Global Earthquake Model Foundation liaison sought
12Open problems

3 open problems an expert would start with.

  1. Rapid magnitude and location revisions are often overwritten in feeds rather than versioned, which breaks reproducibility of early impact estimates.
  2. Landslide inventories are incomplete and biased towards reported fatal events.
  3. Global seismic hazard models carry licence terms that are not yet recorded for redistribution.
13Audiences

Who works with this area: 4 audiences.

  1. Seismological and volcano observatories
  2. Tsunami warning centres
  3. Catastrophe modellers
  4. Civil protection agencies
14Registry depth

The registry row: scope EWS, 3 crosswalk domains.

This area has a row in registry/subsites.yaml (status planned), so it carries five depth pages and the register crosswalk of its domains.

Crosswalk graph · geophysical hazardFrom the registry
Geophysical hazard: the register crosswalk62 nodes on four orbits (Nexus Standards and consumers inside, then domains, external standards and issuing bodies) joined by 77 register links.
Nexus StandardsDomainsExternal standardsIssuing bodiesConsumers

4 Nexus Standards · 3 domains · 31 external standards · 23 issuing bodies · 1 consumers. Relations are register entries (adopt, profile, crosswalk, cite), never compliance claims; names belong to their stewards.

Crosswalk graph62 nodes and 77 links from registry/external-standards.yaml, registry/subsites.yaml and registry/consumers.yaml. Relations (adopt, profile, crosswalk, cite) are register entries, never compliance claims.

The registry holds no geography for the area itself: areas are not places. The one geography it implies is where the bodies that issue the area's external standards sit.

Standards globe · Geophysical hazard: issuing bodiesFrom the registry
Where the issuing bodies of the external standards register sitA plate carrée world map with Natural Earth coastlines, H3 resolution 2 hexagons at the public seats of 19 issuing bodies and one dot per seat. 31 register entries.
Issuing bodies' seats (19)H3 cells, resolution 2 (5); darker, more register entriesSubsites, consumers, standards: no geography in the registry
Issuing bodies and their seats (19)
BodySeatRegister entries
Open Geospatial ConsortiumArlington, Virginia, United States4
OASIS Emergency Management TCWoburn, Massachusetts, United States3
ISO/TC 211Geneva, Switzerland2
OGCArlington, Virginia, United States2
WMOGeneva, Switzerland2
European Commission Joint Research Centre with the Inter-Agency Standing CommitteeIspra, Italy1
IETFWilmington, Delaware, United States1
IFRCGeneva, Switzerland1
ISO/TC 292Geneva, Switzerland1
ITU-TGeneva, Switzerland1
STAC community; OGC Community Standard 25-004Arlington, Virginia, United States1
UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information ManagementNew York, New York, United States1
UN Member States (Third UN World Conference on DRR); UNDRR custodianGeneva, Switzerland1
UNDRRGeneva, Switzerland1
UNDRR and International Science CouncilGeneva, Switzerland1
UNDRR, UNDP and WMONew York, New York, United States1
WMO (adopted by Congress 2019)Geneva, Switzerland1
WMO and UNDRRGeneva, Switzerland1
WMO, UNDRR, ITU, IFRC (co-leads)Geneva, Switzerland1

1 subsites: no geography in the registry (areas, not places) · 2 consumers: repositories, no geography · 19 Nexus Standards: documents, no geography · 4 issuing bodies without a fixed public seat, listed not drawn: UN Office for Outer Space Affairs; Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems; Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery; Global Alliance for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience in the Education Sector · Programme regions of the ecosystem coverage register: named, not drawn (no coordinates in the registry)

Standards globe19 issuing bodies with a public seat, 31 register entries, H3 cells at resolutions 1 to 4. Seats are city coordinates, not registry fields; subsites, consumers and standards have no geography, so none is drawn. Plate carrée still map; globe with script.

Area on the sitesArtifact kindsGoverning standardsPages
Earthquakes (structural and earthquake engineering)data, dataset, model, map, reportNS-1, NS-3, NS-3b, NS-5therisk.global/challenges/
Landslidesdata, dataset, model, map, reportNS-1, NS-3, NS-3b, NS-5therisk.global/challenges/

From the ecosystem coverage register: what the GCRI Canada, The Global Risks Forum (GRF) and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA) sites publish on this area, as claimed there and not evaluated here.

15References

4 sourced references.

Peer-reviewed sources and published statistics on the publishers' own domains, as the context entry cites them. No Risk Academy faculty pathway is linked to this area yet; one is linked when a faculty publishes a pathway that fits.

  1. peer-reviewedGlobal fatal landslide occurrence from 2004 to 2016Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences · 2018
  2. peer-reviewedGlobal Volcanic Hazards and RiskCambridge University Press · 2015
  3. peer-reviewedOpenQuake Engine: An Open Hazard (and Risk) Software for the Global Earthquake ModelSeismological Research Letters · 2014
  4. published statisticsPAGER - Rapid assessment of an earthquake's impact (Fact Sheet 2010-3036)U.S. Geological Survey · 2010
16Key terms

Terms used on this page.

UNI
Unique Nexus Identifier: identifies and resolves an artifact and its record; it never certifies truth, readiness or approval.
PROPOSED
Drafted content that no authority has adopted. Every area entry here is a proposal to the Nexus Standards registry.
adopt
Relation: the external standard is used as published, values validated against it.
crosswalk
Relation: Nexus clauses are mapped to parts of the external standard by number, never by text.
pending admission
No legal register row admits this source for display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from it.
GRIx
The governed data layer of Nexus Foundry: external data is read through it with its licence and source release.
docket
A public change record under NS-13, decided by editors with written reasons.
attestation
An evaluator's recorded result for one clause and one subject under NS-11; never a certification.
liaison sought
A liaison the working group would ask the body for; none is held unless the body confirms it in writing.
18Learn and apply

Where Geophysical hazard standards is taught, worked on and run.

Risk Academy disciplines that teach Geophysical hazard standards, with their courses; the GCRI Canada, The Global Risks Forum (GRF) and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA) subsites that carry those disciplines; and the Nexus Foundry systems the standards name. Mappings are proposed for review (Risk Academy standards map, 2026-10-17); a link says a page on the same subject exists, never an endorsement or a conformance statement; framework names in course titles are named and linked, never reproduced.

Risk Academy

Disciplines and courses

19Questions

Questions and answers.

Is the Geophysical hazard standards area adopted?
No. The area entry is PROPOSED content for the Nexus Standards registry beside its registry row. Adoption of any standard is a recorded authority decision and none is recorded today.
Are the feeds on this page live?
No. Every feed is pending admission: no legal register row admits it for public pages yet, so nothing is read from it here.
How do I change this brief?
Through a docket under NS-13: a pull request against the area context bank or the registry, decided by editors with written reasons.
Nexus Standards

Shape this brief: Geophysical hazard standards.

Propose a change, join the working group or name a source. Area entries are PROPOSED content for the Nexus Standards registry; a UNI identifies and never certifies, and nothing on this site is a certification, an approval or a readiness statement.

Nexus Standards documents CC BY 4.0 · tooling Apache-2.0 · counsel review pending (DEC-2026-10-16-NEXUS-STANDARDS-OPEN-LICENCE). External standards are named and linked under their own licences; a UNI (Unique Nexus Identifier) identifies, it never certifies. · Generated from the Nexus Standards corpus at commit 437ae044c5cb (2026-10-17); proposed and open.

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