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3QKm8LIPa0oxnfN7KrBd3szeBGjdEPsFCYDqisusCsUz+Cd0IPrce7B02p3CG8hj9\/FUzQf3hosg5TQTOmpE\/x34MJ+gVWookllbtTWllg9ExTqXbRuI1s6TfiEnAUDcZFWIdl9yoS2Chiaaj\/z8lcbYKvuib4yqIBVO8VLBVkrsZVg5Goi+P7hLnGrJEp+s084qpg+rUqWDtMB5kwosNRd9AGu\/eNqREKyNTPGquAUf2mUbujQsIuDQX2GTuqhmlpvBuc6zoW\/ZXI9SuQQA82FqtRB78B3vCCSnWI0JUHGKKZBzTsMbDHBSUQzPcIg9xInbhIvB0VsJ1gj4DnCbL6SJFSL80J20JeJCk8+r5iO5LTIqUhquv8QUEQw9JnEfasUaieaWzVgfNupufNzG4jB59HPROmdoG6Gf4yOD\/iXo9o4r0ZT6stLR7mEI7s1tDxB7NMRitLw+iNNSxXXHhoMsoD3Xn0jUFsSND5lZ8FR214XSe+6nuRL1XkZh0M\/N2DtNP5IMbdCUovPtMq\/7Xxh1+HMhU8z18Uiv\/E6J1\/XNIN2TEuonUoaFal9BJB1giKkNxyDpbLMufprd67hUJ1Z9onnQV1bTfn20YFRho2yGm+7rWj8LqiRqd1BX2l11AJqlth9Rp4M00Y9QssgrhvwDikGJfhBHn61el7XYJtagw2hrZuQ6lNVVfiga+WUWncz9ejcQBAlVF0IY+N30mvV7Kz+vGzBmTMAYt0wVT14bFr4VXW8dwpoo3S2dMxBwplV3k83cru8JX2NF3PrxaGwd8mz+Z3i9DEkuVcv7jYzQtwjCxiqNyD\/9vLt6FRuUhxQI4u3oxHbhpgrDhXJoDzJji+6XXYQ6\/mmHfJRxMOtFUfxO\/6oQJwDfbpIzi+GxrtIxqtzs12muQbyBwjysspkcrjBbXGFO7bS7hjCWlB21XkY69nBWlRLr2V4FtPbbgEORw0SS\/vRqOu3SluPneTu9LEvgVO1eISQNBt\/X\/+XNdBGP0MehUelWF3TazphY82SpUyevxY79UN86R8+xhN7vQOP0GPEb6zLlR8p\/WYOjgZe3zmXrGfbtX0qVvBkBnVhigPdM\/DmeX0GyDcRGpghZDDz6TdK\/Vyz2xYd4bir5LWAVAH8VVvtHuB0bwZsIQsCxV\/ye+ouCaS+oEFEnwIhh03e1QqKFH0B7pXr3hGIdSm+zKQdQQxv9L9WKXnbqix\/m7IP3OyrVmKM5g0iXxmPZgSAlsjsjE4g58OZv5idP23ra5\/5XT9UVyNK2Zd6rxzmpPTybSJql+1Uiapf2dUL1Nola4OjbIV7CYQarx1cZu6fu2bEHvr6cnog8LQOeQzIvAm2jhdEVpntOaUDx\/a9y0ByQehOqClNiAzbRK6rEOn6cnqgR8+dFXCoBueK014DOL3fadeuxDil3iDt2YlOU51CC8HTJvGj8pwQ+Tru+KN4CUV6uDnQaCzMllR0TpNynmufbpXQpBDyKT+91OodLqnLLGJ2YDPGSzJS+uCXOrEtuU7yIBy6QzEX+LNJJ+gOZrcTtAiRHhrct2OW2tidT8jvFzo4IfLhksHY6SjY6RmjPHOcQpdWv1tW5ugs7WIzqHJ6oaFtW9Any80TYI5UthwrKDvKwrGpjm11I\/M4pxI9ZbuGL2j4CMU9vHDB4QgVGNMiCKEqE0T2WkIqTEUZG39bUfwEpyx+8UENX6FSluLYEPKrtk45mOImY++sX1QCJ+7frw7pjbGq2Km4ZEi0++gp4OpAbmLIQpqDE6De2Y16oGonP\/BTvDUCTE6M\/j0CTNL5e6eiXVs7vkcmcxCjLRPrJO1QfwKHAjzRRBYw1x+xBYfnXkqd58ycYjjDayysiMwmKJARMYSKsiOrYniIkxzVi45EVl4J5jZb\/wyCNWGFn73uJ+Pri31eSkvGc30oIMavDyA2AayJjvCclC9YnsuyazC9cEKqSjRnThrYvMH+qjreN6osWFK8twfU8MbGynLFyjApzGS8ly2cm400ke7+WbRhJfL1hFtwpHleXtZN6w1op+znErt7j58FLVaOwQHNPXW0B8ICRDQB14Jb6mz04RuWHC1AYsfkkhAfeimyX4DQQ19WNHRA22DdAhF8KalJTw71eLxv+ZX03+S6W+z6f+Ev\/7yeLqY\/OlxqCDxrAgui2jAnUVnvO\/N\/lgkBVBc3CaQmBwRmD81GwwdbjCiu8HYXO65GNlkZGB6aLV3m\/JRAO9E3nyB4OyB7akNeMn5bPGo3QxOmqGJ0Qa\/6ZrqsMV0eus1QeAWPp+q+r3PcDFBnud5KHBpU7+AsGp6QZ43hQSj+WwRClrmJKX+43\/9IiePMeomT1XJRVx9TVwGTKXztUwnZF71N0A52ADlyAY4XIZ9\/96XZsYosLtiH0Ro8g1Av9kblQUULKqlgXwQDjtvprnMeavi+OJSnOFCyIelCgVAVRFqwYlR4BxIf+E8p6RwUa\/HtvvEn\/\/rvxaT4HFI9zR1J5f1pss4xLzkxghHttJZqUlG4UDQj29fQBiaF+AWgmTT7pB1n\/xkMkevbqYXCMPf06X5v4B3qUiKFt30mGONd0njQsoEWSmEywTp7XiMnvaQwrJfmIRsCAff4wHfa84gc3B9LYLj3qSHNd6yJ8FpkwMkIR+gvh2h7gZ2xjO5+bYcCdjUAc7vbQNHlly7FGrq01tN+AZ2SIRNpvpOO9xPRapt0d3sktREpj58GEA1\/s13Qarl6WiSEpFuENZMt+E5nEh0+Yut6QPyNc1JJak8jRP96jcjaq0P4TQYqfNchzuWgfON3QuiUm8Z55Pk0c3D5nYbdD1le3zAN5gbjnyZdI4x1AF+dQqcdEPT2yXfQ7+vQv1Gs+TRo0P8sjfKK802PDi+HFqawEMuV5uDu\/OkhrWvdY2b1tFxzKOXOI1edYyVlR8cb0\/TPffJ0mC+b2LfzyENDB7tTcKzz00oGE240d3ts+Gcnsn5vnHqvndt3msLq3HuguDsz6ZJHdpDzpBWJF72rjrQ0LeHVJsUDTKHWS3MDB892gfHVyFEpwyLQrO\/aReFOZBq0Pj8HjQOaOhFkeZVRvU6df7r8w6O7djx8wdEAN4Hx\/ehVLyEXZysieHJ2HaRNN3qdTdvwdGB9wQ938H5pZwq6lXz76CPOqh\/84N4pVn5bz0aej4sGBAV78X4W+z68GL8JkPnjPFevOr1+jej\/rkpO6H\/6gEew4Ird7YEvYUAi6Dg4NHJvlabA2cDuFVjSH6AETzttfQU9\/ThVPAGaj9gfRZm7w1Jf5e89oEucTWHvwU2tInhJYi\/C9OHhfzZyoe6DapsbybfwiFWk6FWEBps6Vq1Ebl92HwX5lB4O5AcVjQf7peHsCfUAb5JZvHhYxCnBwp68T2eLB9soQzy05sbPoSLkhnbxlBAcU+stytBGm7piRFwQdlHcD89QCIYRr\/58+ezRjbcTJKL2AiI17pzbIfCzQANZcMoE5+P5\/vZek0J9h6SJomQCfpr+f8wynHE8aolH7sF9zH3ytADLPwmOB4+jY\/2l+gV7wdgDtbTLWMPXoinT1mAs92TGy6UvigmRBH6ARKbWeHBhgwMRrKs7aklEuuAd555Kgz\/9en3ENTLe\/STwEaEztG2pOt7d\/nnEKLVytLcaIYYaUfHYlTna\/joXEJM\/xTcPkmScvQE3D5U\/Ee47sWQqkHdA+LAZbLXC75Jrh9yEo4ns5h\/fePMGQ7mzM2c338SDiokSXI4OSRkaOx6iB4XV3tgQtGb35VQBD4LkE\/vfldr5\/eBHu5+9\/iNW0S6tVwl9\/HRg5KxnvXAeT0seDMseDcsuDNTeaunIoYJt1o9rAP8c9LqinUQv+118bPp4q9Qp8rPbBBwc8CQe34iOctMcKEO4rzX6bNhwdthwV+HBVcQXR6kf22GGWNsBWfERF9NFcN82UanpdQ66vZJT18dJEPwzoEDbvShvk7Ku\/kpepswjmjuHNEFi\/jZ00AufcbpQ9jaE1GjbAzm0+iuXjV\/OTaftsJLrVrWzTZfnE\/5eMgqzZ7L\/+BRAn7PUQIHQJ3ewzvJPbyf2sObxB7w8nPt5W9SfF4+7BRCOw+XDORW1qBgvnCwu0n2Z5DuGa0j6uq34TCTAXutwgshD9AUqoKBK+yUIi6RvhoNWlQFg+qgCkyQ97CYJx+NeLZ5P4fzCzFKTdgqNMhM3ALbfapE3jEWTVCmQbhMN3RLfrKIQrPwIpxNrY\/F8MUOm+hqFkHuzzdEUX0HwIub19Y\/2uYWXcwCxx\/om7dXz39Aw0y1\/Ugi2aGJ1cjoBluHbrQOX764fvbq+lmTu\/V3LKvllkGGhJfx9JYqryoyKjxwHT31fOKVVZ57NmTkkTUEXa0bnBS8YCmBryWXcLnEIYjNMcISziKanqXzDKOOLf1bI3ZAAsU\/9yOEwFZa3bj83t8HQ0fv3oVh4r+eWuMHONUEOt0+7EPJ7vKXj\/bhCbTsN+eWtOewxpIrbAtwbp8McKIS3RgH8U1oeakx2uwAN5ZrCm4dKNrWolns7hfUHAuZdFKX3G143p+D0V\/HViT5lvZmYgn8ZlRy1UG76qtWR7d6LZNeY7AAe2iXD5xu8HiRHzx\/VNJgryNp4pO0JhdgWa1YzrQVCoEm7NEi40KasXh72aF+716oKI16rS9f9DZU6BDUGVgMwN5aZBYvOrjRrrDaLqlo1W8Y5zPpubSIWOvrakO3UHkDoCAr8Na5jEd9CSSvRKqn5Ma82ZCSetYeiTwQGNi467C9MhK3a8OtLoWbYIwLzljO1cEZPXPtlNYBl\/gwSoR\/Pbk8hHU9Xjq1pMt\/Z1hnJDkN5oQm52HeTVJDk3uQkyTJxSXS5IYi5PLZQODbrA8tPUPUShBFwZ1oEgrvDybuT4OJ\/fUeJqgJKfYiiv1qD4gMQvU2KtgEFm\/+eFf1mwdZQIr6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type=\"text\/x-nexus\" class=\"_iub_cs_skip\" id=\"nxe-mount\" 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auto;padding:0 16px;font-family:ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;line-height:1.55;overflow-wrap:break-word}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where(*,*::before,*::after){box-sizing:inherit}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where(section,header,footer,nav,aside){display:block;margin:0 0 32px}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where(h1,h2,h3,h4){line-height:1.2;margin:24px 0 12px;font-weight:600}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where(p,ul,ol,dl,table,figure,details){margin:0 0 16px}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where(ul,ol){padding-left:20px}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe a{color:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where(th,td){padding:6px 8px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid;border-color:inherit}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe svg{display:none}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe svg.nx-i{display:inline-block;width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:-3px}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe :where([role=\"tablist\"],[role=\"toolbar\"],[hidden],button,.nx-theme-toggle,.nx-live-slot){display:none}#nxe-n1cf3ayl.nxe img{max-width:100%;height:auto}<\/style><svg class=\"nx-defs\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\"><defs><linearGradient id=\"nx-gi\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-giu\" gradientUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"800\" y2=\"0\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gi-a\"\/><stop offset=\"0.55\" class=\"nx-gi-b\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gi-c\"\/><\/linearGradient><linearGradient id=\"nx-gp\" x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"1\" y2=\"1\"><stop offset=\"0\" class=\"nx-gp-a\"\/><stop offset=\"1\" class=\"nx-gp-b\"\/><\/linearGradient><\/defs><\/svg><section class=\"nx-hero\" data-layout=\"editorial\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-title-1\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-theme-toggle\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Appearance of this page\" hidden><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"light\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Light<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"dark\" aria-pressed=\"false\">Dark<\/button><button type=\"button\" data-mode=\"auto\" aria-pressed=\"true\">Auto<\/button><\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-grid\"><div class=\"nx-hero-text\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Nexus Standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazard and threat families<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-accent-row\"><span class=\"nx-accent-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span>Area \u00b7 proposed<\/span><\/div><h1 id=\"nx-title-1\" class=\"nx-hero-title\">Compound and cascading hazard standards<\/h1><p class=\"nx-tagline\">Many of the most damaging disasters are compound or cascading: concurrent hazards, triggered secondary hazards and failures that propagate through infrastructure and economies, which single-hazard standards cannot represent. This section of the Hazards and disaster risk reduction subsite sets records for hazard interactions, triggering relationships, dependency graphs and cascade chains so that multi-hazard analysis can link events causally with stated confidence. Every artifact of the area carries a UNI (Unique Nexus Identifier), which identifies and never certifies.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"#nx-sec-standards\">Standards that apply <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/\">Back to Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction<\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-hero-panel\"><div class=\"nx-register\" data-variant=\"contents\"><div class=\"nx-register-head\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>On this page<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">16 sections<\/span><\/div><ol class=\"nx-register-rows\"><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-scope\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Scope<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">Compound and cascading hazard standards: what the area\u2026<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-hazards\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Hazards and sectors<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">What acts on this area, and who carries it.<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-feeds\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Data and feeds<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 sources, with provider, licence and delivery path.<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-open\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Open standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 open standards, each with its relation.<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-couplings\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Systemic couplings<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 couplings to other areas and subsites.<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-closed\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Restricted compatibility profiles<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">No closed standard is named for this area.<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Indicators<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">2 indicators the area tracks.<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#nx-sec-standards\"><span class=\"nx-register-n\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-k\">Nexus Standards that apply<\/span><span class=\"nx-register-v\">4 Nexus Standards for this area.<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <nav class=\"nx-index-strip\" data-nx-spy=\"true\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-scope\"><span>01<\/span>Compound and cascading hazard\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-hazards\"><span>02<\/span>What acts on this area, and who\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-feeds\"><span>03<\/span>4 sources, with provider, licence\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-open\"><span>04<\/span>4 open standards, each with its\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-couplings\"><span>05<\/span>4 couplings to other areas and\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-closed\"><span>06<\/span>No closed standard is named for this\u2026<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\"><span>07<\/span>2 indicators the area tracks<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-standards\"><span>08<\/span>4 Nexus Standards for this area<\/a><\/div><\/nav> <div class=\"nx-ns-dossier\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><nav class=\"nx-ns-crumbs\" aria-label=\"You are here\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/\">Nexus Standards home<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/\">Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction<\/a><\/li><li><span aria-current=\"page\">Compound and cascading hazard standards<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/nav><div class=\"nx-ns-console nx-ns-dossier-grid\" data-ns-console=\"profile\" data-ns-data=\"nxe-nxs-prof-area-compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\" data-ns-credits=\"Nexus Standards area context bank (integrations\/wordpress\/network\/nxs\/context, PROPOSED) and registry (registry\/*.yaml, standards\/*.md)\"><dl class=\"nx-ns-dossier-facts\"><div><dt><span class=\"nx-ns-term\" data-tip=\"Unique Nexus Identifier: identifies and resolves an artifact and its record; it never certifies truth, readiness or approval.\" tabindex=\"0\">UNI<\/span><\/dt><dd><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"planned\">requested \u00b7 not yet allocated<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Status<\/dt><dd><span class=\"nx-ns-term\" data-tip=\"Drafted content that no authority has adopted. Every area entry here is a proposal to the Nexus Standards registry.\" tabindex=\"0\">PROPOSED<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">proposed area \u00b7 no registry row yet<\/span><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Last reviewed<\/dt><dd><time datetime=\"2026-10-17\">2026-10-17<\/time><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">area context bank<\/span><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><div class=\"nx-ns-dossier-cite\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Cite this page<\/span><p class=\"nx-ns-cite\" data-ns-cite=\"true\">Nexus Standards (2026). Compound and cascading hazard standards: area brief, Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction (PROPOSED). https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/. Last reviewed 2026-10-17.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-ns-dossier-dl\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Download the profile<\/span><div class=\"nx-ns-dl-row\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Download the profile\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-ns-dl\" data-ns-dl=\"yaml\" disabled>YAML<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-ns-dl\" data-ns-dl=\"json\" disabled>JSON<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-ns-dl\" data-ns-dl=\"csv\" disabled>CSV<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"nx-ns-dl\" data-ns-dl=\"cite\" disabled>Copy citation<\/button><\/div><p class=\"nx-ns-sub nx-ns-dl-msg\" role=\"status\">Files carry the credits and the licence line; they are generated in your browser and nothing is sent. Downloads need script.<\/p><\/div><\/div><nav class=\"nx-related nx-ns-onpage\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><a href=\"#nx-sec-scope\">Scope<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-hazards\">Hazards and sectors<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-feeds\">Data and feeds<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-open\">Open standards<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-couplings\">Systemic couplings<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-closed\">Restricted compatibility profiles<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-indicators\">Indicators<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-standards\">Nexus Standards that apply<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-consoles\">Consoles<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-readiness\">Readiness<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-wg\">Working group<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-problems\">Open problems<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-audiences\">Audiences<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-refs\">References<\/a><a href=\"#nx-sec-terms\">Key terms<\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/div><section id=\"nx-sec-scope\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-variant=\"split\" data-ns-layout=\"ledger-pair\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-2\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">01<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Scope<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-2\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Compound and cascading hazard standards: what the area covers, and what it leaves to others.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The hazard and threat families section of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction. Scope as the area context entry states it (PROPOSED).<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-scope\"><div><p class=\"nx-ns-scope-h\">In scope <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">5<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Hazard interaction records (triggering, amplification, concurrence)<\/li><li>Cascade chain records linking events to impacts<\/li><li>Dependency graph records for infrastructure and services<\/li><li>Multi-hazard scenario records<\/li><li>Event linkage identifiers across catalogues<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div><p class=\"nx-ns-scope-h\">Out of scope <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">3<\/span><\/p><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li>Single-hazard methods covered in sibling areas<\/li><li>Proprietary catastrophe models<\/li><li>Operational incident command<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-ns-juris\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Jurisdictions<\/span> No jurisdiction note is recorded for this area yet; jurisdiction narrows what applies and never implies that a Nexus profile satisfies a law.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-hazards\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-ns-layout=\"chips\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-3\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">02<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Hazards and sectors<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-3\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What acts on this area, and who carries it.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-chipsets\"><div class=\"nx-ns-chipset\"><p class=\"nx-ns-chipset-h\">Hazards and threats <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">5<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Concurrent extremes<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Triggered hazard chains<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Natech events<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Infrastructure cascades<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Hazard-conflict compounding<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"nx-ns-chipset\"><p class=\"nx-ns-chipset-h\">Sectors <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">4<\/span><\/p><div class=\"nx-chips\"><span class=\"nx-chip\">Public sector and government<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Finance, insurance and capital markets<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Energy utilities and grids<\/span><span class=\"nx-chip\">Humanitarian and civil society<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-feeds\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-ns-layout=\"feed-plate\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-4\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">03<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Data and feeds<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-4\" class=\"nx-section-title\">4 sources, with provider, licence and delivery path.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Sources the area reads or proposes. Delivery follows GRIx first; a source is shown live only after an owner decision admits it for public pages.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-ns-feed nx-ns-feeds\" data-ns-feeds=\"compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\"><div class=\"nx-ns-feeds-head\"><span class=\"nx-ns-feed-state\">Every feed \u00b7 pending admission<\/span><p class=\"nx-p\">No legal register row admits any of these sources for live display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from them here. A register row that exists records the source for the governed GRIx path; admission for public pages is a separate owner decision.<\/p><\/div><dl class=\"nx-ns-fstats\"><div><dt>Admitted<\/dt><dd><span class=\"nx-ns-count\">0<\/span><\/dd><dd class=\"nx-ns-sub\">none yet<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Register row exists<\/dt><dd><svg class=\"nx-ns-meter\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 4\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nx-ns-meter-t\" width=\"100\" height=\"4\" rx=\"2\"\/><rect class=\"nx-ns-meter-v\" width=\"100\" height=\"4\" rx=\"2\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"nx-ns-count\">4<\/span><\/dd><dd class=\"nx-ns-sub\">recorded for the GRIx path<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Proposed row<\/dt><dd><svg class=\"nx-ns-meter\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 4\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><rect class=\"nx-ns-meter-t\" width=\"100\" height=\"4\" rx=\"2\"\/><rect class=\"nx-ns-meter-v\" width=\"0\" height=\"4\" rx=\"2\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"nx-ns-count\">0<\/span><\/dd><dd class=\"nx-ns-sub\">terms to be recorded<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Delivery<\/dt><dd><span class=\"nx-ns-count\">4<\/span> GRIx \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">0<\/span> plugin \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">0<\/span> browser \u00b7 <span class=\"nx-ns-count\">0<\/span> snapshot<\/dd><dd class=\"nx-ns-sub\">GRIx first, then plugin, browser-direct, snapshot<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><ul class=\"nx-ns-fcards\"><li class=\"nx-ns-fcard\" data-delivery=\"grix\"><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-h\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/mapping.emergency.copernicus.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Copernicus EMS rapid mapping activations<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"pending\" data-tip=\"No legal register row admits this source for display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from it.\" tabindex=\"0\">pending admission<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-p\">Copernicus Emergency Management Service \u00b7 event-driven<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-l\">Copernicus free, full and open data policy<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-m\"><span>GRIx governed read<\/span><span>register row exists<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"nx-ns-fcard\" data-delivery=\"grix\"><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-h\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/cds.climate.copernicus.eu\/datasets\/reanalysis-era5-single-levels\" rel=\"noopener\">ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Data Store)<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"pending\" data-tip=\"No legal register row admits this source for display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from it.\" tabindex=\"0\">pending admission<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-p\">Copernicus Climate Change Service (ECMWF) \u00b7 daily, five-day latency<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-l\">CC BY 4.0<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-m\"><span>GRIx governed read<\/span><span>register row exists<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"nx-ns-fcard\" data-delivery=\"grix\"><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-h\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gdacs.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">GDACS global disaster alerts (events API, RSS, CAP)<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"pending\" data-tip=\"No legal register row admits this source for display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from it.\" tabindex=\"0\">pending admission<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-p\">European Commission JRC and UN OCHA \u00b7 near real time<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-l\">European Commission reuse policy (CC BY 4.0 for EC content)<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-m\"><span>GRIx governed read<\/span><span>register row exists<\/span><\/p><\/li><li class=\"nx-ns-fcard\" data-delivery=\"grix\"><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-h\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/planet.openstreetmap.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenStreetMap planet and replication<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"pending\" data-tip=\"No legal register row admits this source for display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from it.\" tabindex=\"0\">pending admission<\/span><\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-p\">OpenStreetMap Foundation and contributors \u00b7 minutely<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-l\">ODbL-1.0<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-fcard-m\"><span>GRIx governed read<\/span><span>register row exists<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-open\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-ns-layout=\"register-cards\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-5\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">04<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Open standards<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-5\" class=\"nx-section-title\">4 open standards, each with its relation.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Relations are register entries (NS-14), never conformance or equivalence statements; hover or focus a relation for its meaning. Names of standards bodies and their standards belong to their stewards and are used only to identify the documents; no text of an external standard is reproduced here.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-ns-rcards\"><div class=\"nx-ns-rgroup\"><p class=\"nx-ns-rgroup-h\"><span class=\"nx-ns-rel\" data-rel=\"adopt\" data-tip=\"Relation: the external standard is used as published, values validated against it.\" tabindex=\"0\">adopt<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-count\">2<\/span><\/p><a class=\"nx-ns-rcard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/quick\/94805\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-n\">UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profiles<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-b\">UNDRR and International Science Council<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-s\">register \u00b7 undrr-isc-hazard-information-profiles<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rcard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/prov-o\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-n\">PROV-O: The PROV Ontology<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-b\">W3C<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-s\">register \u00b7 w3c-prov-o<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"nx-ns-rgroup\"><p class=\"nx-ns-rgroup-h\"><span class=\"nx-ns-rel\" data-rel=\"crosswalk\" data-tip=\"Relation: Nexus clauses are mapped to parts of the external standard by number, never by text.\" tabindex=\"0\">crosswalk<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-count\">2<\/span><\/p><a class=\"nx-ns-rcard\" href=\"https:\/\/community.wmo.int\/node\/36746\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-n\">WMO Cataloguing of Hazardous Events (WMO-CHE)<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-b\">World Meteorological Organization<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-s\">register \u00b7 wmo-cataloguing-of-hazardous-events<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rcard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.preventionweb.net\/files\/43291_sendaiframeworkfordrren.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-n\">Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-b\">United Nations (UNDRR custodian)<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rcard-s\">register \u00b7 sendai-framework<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-couplings\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-ns-layout=\"canvas\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-6\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">05<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systemic couplings<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-6\" class=\"nx-section-title\">4 couplings to other areas and subsites.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Each coupling names the mechanism that links this area to another; select a card on the canvas to trace it. Mechanisms are stated in the context bank (PROPOSED).<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-plate\" data-wide=\"true\"><div class=\"nx-plate-label\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\"><strong>Canvas<\/strong> \u00b7 the area and its couplings<\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Design, not a record<\/span><\/div><div class=\"nx-figure-frame\" data-scene=\"true\"><svg class=\"nx-figure nx-ui nx-dag\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 564\" data-nx-dag=\"true\" data-w=\"1200\" data-h=\"564\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-dag-nxs-area-compound-and-cascading-hazard-st-t nx-dag-nxs-area-compound-and-cascading-hazard-st-d\" data-nx-z=\"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\"><title id=\"nx-dag-nxs-area-compound-and-cascading-hazard-st-t\">Compound and cascading hazard standards: systemic couplings<\/title><desc id=\"nx-dag-nxs-area-compound-and-cascading-hazard-st-d\">The couplings the area context bank records for Compound and cascading hazard standards: 2 areas in Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, 2 areas in other subsites and 2 subsites reached. Each coupling carries a mechanism stated in the context bank (PROPOSED); a reading aid, not a dependency proof.<\/desc><\/svg><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-caption\"><strong>Fig.<\/strong><span>RUNNING marks the area you are reading; DONE an area in the same subsite, QUEUED an area elsewhere and GATE a subsite reached. Tags give reading order only, never a status. Design, not a record.<\/span><\/p><\/div><ol class=\"nx-ns-mech\"><li><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-to\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/hydrometeorological-hazard-standards\/\">Hydrometeorological hazard standards<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-m\">Compounding: concurrent heat and drought, or surge and river flood, raise impacts beyond each hazard alone.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-to\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/geophysical-hazard-standards\/\">Geophysical hazard standards<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-m\">Triggering: earthquakes trigger landslides, tsunamis and fires.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-to\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/critical-infrastructure-and-critical-entities\/\">Critical infrastructure and critical entities<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Energy and Critical Infrastructure<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-m\">Cascade: failures propagate through interdependent networks.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-to\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/systemic-risk\/global-and-systemic-risk\/\">Global and systemic risk<\/a><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Systemic Risks<\/span><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-mech-m\">Mechanism: cascades across sectors are the core of systemic risk.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-closed\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" data-ns-layout=\"restricted\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-7\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">06<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Restricted compatibility profiles<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-7\" class=\"nx-section-title\">No closed standard is named for this area.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Closed or paywalled standards appear by name and link only; any compatibility profile of one is built on simulated data and kept on protected pages until an institutional arrangement with the issuing body is recorded. Nexus Standards is not affiliated with, endorsed by or certified by any standards body named here.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><p class=\"nx-p\">The working group may name closed standards later; they would be listed here by name and link only.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-indicators\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-ns-layout=\"board\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-8\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">07<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Indicators<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-8\" class=\"nx-section-title\">2 indicators the area tracks.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-ns-board\"><a class=\"nx-ns-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/A\/71\/644\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sendai Framework Monitor<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-tile-code\">C-1<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-tile-name\">Direct economic loss attributed to disasters in relation to global GDP<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/A\/71\/644\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Sendai Framework Monitor<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-tile-code\">D-5<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-tile-name\">Number of disruptions to basic services attributed to disasters<\/span><\/a><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Indicator names and codes as their stewards publish them; values appear only from a governed GRIx source, never typed into a page.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-standards\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-ns-layout=\"rows\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-9\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">08<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Nexus Standards that apply<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-9\" class=\"nx-section-title\">4 Nexus Standards for this area.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">The Nexus Standards the area context entry lists. Every one is proposed or specified; none is adopted by an authority.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-rows\"><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">01<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">NS-0 \u00b7 Constitution and principles<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Status proposed \u00b7 12 rules stated. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/ns-0\/\">Read NS-0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">02<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">NS-3 \u00b7 GRIx record UNIs (grammar, legacy crosswalk, allocation authority)<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Status proposed \u00b7 0 rules stated. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/ns-3\/\">Read NS-3<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">03<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">NS-9 \u00b7 Contextual UNIs (deployments, instances, programme instances)<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Status proposed \u00b7 5 rules stated. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/ns-9\/\">Read NS-9<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-eyebrow nx-index\">04<\/span><div><h3 class=\"nx-h4\">NS-11 \u00b7 Verification and monitoring (evidence, attestations, zero-trust conformance observation)<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Status proposed \u00b7 6 rules stated. <a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/standards\/ns-11\/\">Read NS-11<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-consoles\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-ns-layout=\"deploy\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-10\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">09<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Consoles<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-10\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where this area's standards are routed, monitored and verified.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-ns-deploy\" data-n=\"2\"><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/which-standards-apply\/#nx-sec-compose\"><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"today\">Today \u00b7 a draft in your browser<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Composer<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Mix standards and clauses into a profile draft with citations; YAML or JSON; nothing is submitted.<\/p><\/a><a class=\"nx-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/open-infrastructure\/monitoring-services\/\"><span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"pending\">Pending admission<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Monitoring console<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\">Version and feed state per standard; every row reads source feed pending admission until a register row admits a feed.<\/p><\/a><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">A console computes from the registry and shows its reasons; it never decides, approves or certifies.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-readiness\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-ns-layout=\"triptych\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-11\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">10<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Readiness<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-11\" class=\"nx-section-title\">What each pathway can read from this area.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-ns-tri\"><div class=\"nx-ns-tri-card\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">GCRI Canada evidence pathway<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">GCRI Canada<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-2\">GCRI Canada may admit cascade and interaction records that state causal evidence and confidence as research evidence; GCRI Canada decides under its own evidence and research rules, and no approval is implied.<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-tri-foot\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/readiness\/gcri-ready\/\">Open the GCRI Canada evidence pathway<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-ns-tri-card\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Recognition pathway<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">The Global Risks Forum (GRF)<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-2\">GRF may record agencies adopting multi-hazard records as part of a Sendai multi-hazard dialogue; GRF decides under its own recognition rules, and no recognition or endorsement is implied.<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-tri-foot\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/readiness\/grf-ready\/\">Open the Recognition pathway<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-ns-tri-card\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Capital pathway<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">The Global Risks Alliance (GRA)<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-2\">GRA may read cascade scenarios with stated assumptions when it considers portfolio-level risk; GRA decides under its own capital-readiness rules, and no approval, rating or investment view is implied.<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-tri-foot\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/readiness\/gra-ready\/\">Open the Capital pathway<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><p class=\"nx-note nx-mt-3\">Each institution decides under its own rules what it reads as evidence; no pathway is an approval, a readiness statement or investment advice.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-wg\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-ns-layout=\"charter\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-12\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">11<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Working group<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-12\" class=\"nx-section-title\">The working-group charter, proposed.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><div class=\"nx-ns-charter\"><div class=\"nx-ns-charter-scope\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Scope<\/span><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-2\">Records for hazard interactions, cascades and dependencies that link single-hazard events causally.<\/p><p class=\"nx-ns-sub\">No working group is chartered yet; a community may charter this one under NS-13 through a <span class=\"nx-ns-term\" data-tip=\"A public change record under NS-13, decided by editors with written reasons.\" tabindex=\"0\">docket<\/span>.<\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Deliverables \u00b7 3<\/span><ol class=\"nx-ns-deliv\"><li>Hazard interaction vocabulary aligned to HIPs<\/li><li>Cascade chain record with causal confidence<\/li><li>Dependency graph schema<\/li><\/ol><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Liaison targets \u00b7 4<\/span><ul class=\"nx-ns-liaison\"><li>UNDRR <span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"planned\" data-tip=\"A liaison the working group would ask the body for; none is held unless the body confirms it in writing.\" tabindex=\"0\">liaison sought<\/span><\/li><li>International Science Council <span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"planned\" data-tip=\"A liaison the working group would ask the body for; none is held unless the body confirms it in writing.\" tabindex=\"0\">liaison sought<\/span><\/li><li>WMO <span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"planned\" data-tip=\"A liaison the working group would ask the body for; none is held unless the body confirms it in writing.\" tabindex=\"0\">liaison sought<\/span><\/li><li>Integrated Research on Disaster Risk programme <span class=\"nx-ns-state\" data-s=\"planned\" data-tip=\"A liaison the working group would ask the body for; none is held unless the body confirms it in writing.\" tabindex=\"0\">liaison sought<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-problems\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-ns-layout=\"problems\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-13\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">12<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Open problems<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-13\" class=\"nx-section-title\">3 open problems an expert would start with.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-ns-problems\"><li>Causal attribution of cascade steps is often inferred, not observed.<\/li><li>Dependency data for infrastructure are confidential.<\/li><li>Joint probability of compound extremes is poorly constrained by short records.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-audiences\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-variant=\"split\" data-ns-layout=\"audience-list\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-14\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">13<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Audiences<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-14\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Who works with this area: 4 audiences.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-ns-aud\"><li>Multi-hazard risk modellers<\/li><li>Civil protection planners<\/li><li>Systemic risk researchers<\/li><li>Infrastructure operators<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-refs\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"split\" data-ns-layout=\"references\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-15\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">14<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">References<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-15\" class=\"nx-section-title\">4 sourced references.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Peer-reviewed sources and published statistics on the publishers' own domains, as the context entry cites them. No Risk Academy faculty pathway is linked to this area yet; one is linked when a faculty publishes a pathway that fits.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><ol class=\"nx-ns-refs\"><li><span class=\"nx-ns-rtype\" data-type=\"peer-reviewed\">peer-reviewed<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-t\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43017-020-0060-z\" rel=\"noopener\">A typology of compound weather and climate events<\/a><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-m\">Nature Reviews Earth &amp; Environment \u00b7 2020<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-ns-rtype\" data-type=\"peer-reviewed\">peer-reviewed<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-t\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41558-018-0156-3\" rel=\"noopener\">Future climate risk from compound events<\/a><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-m\">Nature Climate Change \u00b7 2018<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-ns-rtype\" data-type=\"peer-reviewed\">peer-reviewed<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-t\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/risa.13128\" rel=\"noopener\">Understanding Compound, Interconnected, Interacting, and Cascading Risks: A Holistic Framework<\/a><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-m\">Risk Analysis \u00b7 2018<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"nx-ns-rtype\" data-type=\"peer-reviewed\">peer-reviewed<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-t\"><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2013RG000445\" rel=\"noopener\">Reviewing and visualizing the interactions of natural hazards<\/a><\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-ref-m\">Reviews of Geophysics \u00b7 2014<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-terms\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-variant=\"split\" data-ns-layout=\"terms\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-16\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">15<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Key terms<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-16\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Terms used on this page.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><dl class=\"nx-ns-terms\"><div><dt>UNI<\/dt><dd>Unique Nexus Identifier: identifies and resolves an artifact and its record; it never certifies truth, readiness or approval.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>PROPOSED<\/dt><dd>Drafted content that no authority has adopted. Every area entry here is a proposal to the Nexus Standards registry.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>adopt<\/dt><dd>Relation: the external standard is used as published, values validated against it.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>crosswalk<\/dt><dd>Relation: Nexus clauses are mapped to parts of the external standard by number, never by text.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>pending admission<\/dt><dd>No legal register row admits this source for display on public pages yet, so nothing is read from it.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>GRIx<\/dt><dd>The governed data layer of Nexus Foundry: external data is read through it with its licence and source release.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>docket<\/dt><dd>A public change record under NS-13, decided by editors with written reasons.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>attestation<\/dt><dd>An evaluator's recorded result for one clause and one subject under NS-11; never a certification.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>liaison sought<\/dt><dd>A liaison the working group would ask the body for; none is held unless the body confirms it in writing.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-related\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-variant=\"stack\" data-ns-layout=\"rail\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-17\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">16<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Related areas<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-17\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Areas to read next.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-canvas-wrap\"><nav class=\"nx-ns-rail\" aria-label=\"Related areas\"><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/hydrometeorological-hazard-standards\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Hydrometeorological hazard standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazard and threat families \u00b7 coupled<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/geophysical-hazard-standards\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Geophysical hazard standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazard and threat families \u00b7 coupled<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/energy-infrastructure\/critical-infrastructure-and-critical-entities\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Energy and Critical Infrastructure<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Critical infrastructure and critical entities<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Risk disciplines \u00b7 coupled<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/systemic-risk\/global-and-systemic-risk\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Systemic Risks<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Global and systemic risk<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Risk disciplines \u00b7 coupled<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/chemical-hazard-standards\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Chemical hazard standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazard and threat families<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wildfire-and-vegetation-fire-standards\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Wildfire and vegetation fire standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazard and threat families<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/space-weather-and-timing-risk-standards\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Space weather, spectrum and timing risk standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazard and threat families<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/extraterrestrial-hazard-standards\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Extraterrestrial hazard standards<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Hazard and threat families<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/disaster-risk-reduction\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Disaster risk reduction<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Risk disciplines<\/span><\/a><a class=\"nx-ns-rail-card\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/sendai-framework-alignment\/\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Same subsite<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-rail-t\">Sendai Framework alignment<\/span><span class=\"nx-ns-sub\">Frameworks and mandates alignment<\/span><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section id=\"nx-sec-learn\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-ns-layout=\"crosslinks\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-18\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">17<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Learn and apply<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-18\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Where Compound and cascading hazard standards is taught, worked on and run.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Risk Academy disciplines that teach Compound and cascading hazard standards, with their courses; the GCRI Canada, The Global Risks Forum (GRF) and The Global Risks Alliance (GRA) subsites that carry those disciplines; and the Nexus Foundry systems the standards name. Mappings are proposed for review (Risk Academy standards map, 2026-10-17); a link says a page on the same subject exists, never an endorsement or a conformance statement; framework names in course titles are named and linked, never reproduced.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-cells\" data-cols=\"3\"><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Risk Academy<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Disciplines and courses<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\"><ul class=\"nx-list\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/health-society\/pollution-environmental-health\/\">Pollution and environmental health<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAF-120 Pollution and Environmental Health Risk (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/geophysical-hazards\/\">Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and landslides<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAF-109 Natural Hazards: Science for Risk Practitioners (in preparation); RAN-327 Typhoon and Earthquake Risk in Eastern and South-eastern Asia (in preparation); RAN-328 Hurricanes and Multi-hazard Risk in the Caribbean and Central America (in preparation); RAN-329 Andean Geohazards and Glacier Change (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/floods-storms\/\">Floods, storms and tropical cyclones<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAN-325 South Asia Monsoon Risk (in preparation); RAN-332 Floods, Heat and Wildfire in Europe (in preparation); RAN-333 Wildfire, Hurricane and Severe Storm Risk in Northern America (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/climate-science\/\">Climate science, variability and change<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAF-110 Climate Risk Foundations: Physical and Transition Risk (in preparation); RAN-336 Southern Africa: Drought, Cyclones and El Ni\u00f1o (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/heat-drought-wildfire\/\">Heat, drought and wildfire<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/oceans-coasts\/\">Oceans and coasts<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAN-323 Disaster Risk in Small Island Developing States (in preparation); RAN-338 Asian Megadeltas: Floods, Subsidence and Salinity (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/risk-science\/catastrophe-exposure-modelling\/\">Catastrophe, exposure and vulnerability modelling<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAT-208 Catastrophe Modelling Basics (in preparation); RAT-209 Exposure and Vulnerability Data (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/technological-hazards\/\">Technological, industrial and Natech hazards<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAF-115 Technological and Industrial Hazards (in preparation); RAT-219 Process Safety: HAZOP, Bow-tie and LOPA (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/earth-environment\/water-security\/\">Water security and hydrology<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAN-303 Water Nexus (open); RAN-321 Water and Wastewater Utility Risk (in preparation); RAN-331 Heat and Water Scarcity in Western Asia and Northern Africa (in preparation); RAN-335 Central Asia: Earthquakes, Mudflows and Shared Water (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/disaster-risk-reduction\/\">Disaster risk reduction<\/a><br><span class=\"nx-note\">Courses: RAF-101 Disaster Risk Reduction (open); RAF-119 Inclusive Disaster Risk Management (in preparation); RAT-232 Disaster Loss, Damage and Needs Assessment (in preparation)<\/span><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/preparedness-crisis-management\/\">Preparedness, emergency and crisis management<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/risksacademy.com\/hazards-resilience\/recovery-loss-accounting\/\">Recovery, reconstruction and loss accounting<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Institutions<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">GCRI Canada, The Global Risks Forum and The Global Risks Alliance<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/advanced-industry-robotics\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Advanced Industry and Robotics<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/biodiversity-nexus\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Biodiversity Nexus<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/climate-hazards\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Climate and Hazards<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/disaster-resilience\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Disaster Resilience and Recovery<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/food-nexus\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Food Nexus<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-campaigns\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Nexus Campaigns<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-registry\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Nexus Registry<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/oceans-coasts\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Oceans and Coasts<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/space-earth-observation\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Space and Earth Observation<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/water-nexus\/\"><span>GCRI Canada: Water Nexus<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskforum.com\/disaster-crisis-governance\/\"><span>The Global Risks Forum (GRF): Disaster and Crisis Governance<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/globalriskalliance.com\/reinsurance-catastrophe\/\"><span>The Global Risks Alliance (GRA): Reinsurance and Catastrophe<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/div><div><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Nexus Foundry<\/span><h3 class=\"nx-h4 nx-mt-2\">Systems it supports<\/h3><p class=\"nx-p nx-mt-1\"><ul class=\"nx-list\" data-nav=\"true\"><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/net\/\"><span>NXS-NET (NET)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/ews\/\"><span>NXS-EWS (EWS)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/grix\/\"><span>NXS-GRX (GRIx)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/eop\/\"><span>NXS-EOP (EOP)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/nexus\/\"><span>NXS-CMD (Nexus)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/northstar\/\"><span>NXS-NST (NorthStar)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/aap\/\"><span>NXS-AAP (AAP)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/labs\/\"><span>NXS-LAB (Labs)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"nx-link\" href=\"https:\/\/therisk.global\/nexus-foundry\/systems\/dss\/\"><span>NXS-DSS (DSS)<\/span><svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"uni\" data-nxf-kind=\"uni\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/nxs\/institution\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/#uni\" data-nxf-title=\"Compound and cascading hazard standards UNI\" data-nxf-height=\"80\" hidden><\/div><div class=\"nx-live-slot\" data-nxf-slot=\"citation\" data-nxf-kind=\"citation\" data-nxf-resource=\"nexus:\/\/nxs\/institution\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/#citation\" data-nxf-title=\"Cite Compound and cascading hazard standards\" data-nxf-height=\"120\" hidden><\/div><section id=\"nx-s-19-sec\" class=\"nx-section\" data-hue=\"risk\" data-tone=\"alt\" data-ns-layout=\"faq\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-s-19\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><div class=\"nx-section-head\"><div class=\"nx-eyebrow-row\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">18<\/span><span class=\"nx-rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Questions<\/span><\/div><h2 id=\"nx-s-19\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Questions and answers.<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"nx-section-body\"><div class=\"nx-faq\"><details><summary>Is the Compound and cascading hazard standards area adopted?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. The area entry is PROPOSED content for the Nexus Standards registry; there is no registry row yet. Adoption of any standard is a recorded authority decision and none is recorded today.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Are the feeds on this page live?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">No. Every feed is pending admission: no legal register row admits it for public pages yet, so nothing is read from it here.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>How do I change this brief?<\/summary><div class=\"nx-answer\">Through a docket under NS-13: a pull request against the area context bank or the registry, decided by editors with written reasons.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"nx-closing\" aria-labelledby=\"nx-close-20\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><span class=\"nx-eyebrow\">Nexus Standards<\/span><h2 id=\"nx-close-20\" class=\"nx-section-title\">Shape this brief: Compound and cascading hazard standards.<\/h2><p class=\"nx-lede\">Propose a change, join the working group or name a source. Area entries are PROPOSED content for the Nexus Standards registry; a UNI identifies and never certifies, and nothing on this site is a certification, an approval or a readiness statement.<\/p><div class=\"nx-actions\"><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/develop-a-standard\/\">Propose a change <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"nx-btn\" data-variant=\"secondary\" href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/\">All areas of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><div class=\"nx-ns-colophon\"><div class=\"nx-container\"><p class=\"nx-ns-licence\">Nexus Standards documents CC BY 4.0 \u00b7 tooling Apache-2.0 \u00b7 counsel review pending (DEC-2026-10-16-NEXUS-STANDARDS-OPEN-LICENCE). External standards are named and linked under their own licences; a UNI (Unique Nexus Identifier) identifies, it never certifies. \u00b7 Generated from the Nexus Standards corpus at commit 437ae044c5cb (2026-10-17); proposed and open.<\/p><nav class=\"nx-related nx-ns-colophon-nav\" aria-label=\"Site\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/about\/\">About <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/foundations\/licensing-and-ipr\/\">Licensing and IPR <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/accessibility\/\">Accessibility <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/privacy\/\">Privacy <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/contact\/\">Contact <svg class=\"nx-arrow\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><script class=\"_iub_cs_skip\">window.__nxMount ? window.__nxMount(document.currentScript) : null;<\/script>\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/#faq\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/#webpage\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Is the Compound and cascading hazard standards area adopted?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. The area entry is PROPOSED content for the Nexus Standards registry; there is no registry row yet. Adoption of any standard is a recorded authority decision and none is recorded today.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Are the feeds on this page live?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"No. Every feed is pending admission: no legal register row admits it for public pages yet, so nothing is read from it here.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How do I change this brief?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Through a docket under NS-13: a pull request against the area context bank or the registry, decided by editors with written reasons.\"}}]}]}<\/script>\n\n<!-- nx-rev:94e6e9b54a52ebd1 -->\n<!-- nx-path:\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/ -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LightDarkAuto Nexus Standards\u00b7Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction\u00b7Hazard and threat families Area \u00b7 proposed Compound and cascading hazard standards Many of the most damaging disasters are compound or cascading: concurrent hazards, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/compound-and-cascading-hazard-standards\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Compound and cascading hazard standards&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":172,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_buddyx_sub_header_visibility":"","_buddyx_sub_header_title_visibility":"","_hide_show_side_panel":"","_buddyxpro_page_sidebar":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_header":"","_buddyxpro_page_disable_footer":"","_buddyxpro_page_content_width":"","_buddyxpro_page_header_style":"","_buddyxpro_page_color_mode":"","_buddyxpro_page_loader":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-85","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/85","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/85\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nexustandards.com\/hazards\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}